Persons in the U.S. public mental health system with serious mental illness are dying 25 years earlier than the general population. Consumers, who have a dual diagnosis of mental illness and substance abuse, on average, die nearly 32 years earlier than their fellow citizens. In the general population, individuals with a mental illness die nearly 9 years sooner than those without a mental health disorder. The leading solution to address this problem is to integrate behavioral healthcare and primary healthcare services.#Integration